Waste heat generated in industrial processes or
power plants is recovered and heating water or
steam is produced with waste heat boilers. If there
is waste heat to be recovered, waste heat boiler is
specially designed according to flow rate,
temperature and other waste heat parameters.
While waste heat boilers can be designed as
smoke tube design, for example, waste heat
boilers can be designed as water tube design
to meet the high steam pressure requirement
for much higher flow rate exhaust gases formed
as a result of the combustion process of turbines
in power plants. This type of steam boiler
systems is called "HRSG- Heat Recovery Steam
Generator)". HRSGs are high-efficiency heat
exchangers that are used to extract heat from
an exhaust gas stream to convert water into
steam for use in combined cycle generation, or
to produce steam for use in industrial processes.
They consist of a complex arrangement of
pipes with water flowing through them while
exhaust gases are passing exterior surfaces of
the water tubes. When water exchanges heat
with the hot gas, it is converted into steam. The
primary components within the HRSG are the
superheater, the evaporator, and the
economizer. Duct burners are usually installed
before the superheaters, while selective
catalytic reduction (SCR) units are often
deployed to reduce NOx levels.