Methods
Chloride is the most common inorganic anion found in water and wastewater. The Maximum Secondary Contaminant Level for drinking water for chloride is 250 mg/L. Natural sources of salt are the ocean and various salt deposits above and below ground.
Chloride is very corrosive to most metals in systems with elevated pressures and temperatures such as boilers and oil-drilling equipment.
The Mercuric Nitrate Method
References: APHA Standard Methods, 21st ed., Method 4500-Cl- C (2005). ASTM D 512-04, Chloride Ion in Water, Test Method A. USEPA Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, Method 325.3 (1983).
The Chloride Titrets® Kits employ a mercuric nitrate titrant in acid solution with diphenylcarbazone as the end point indicator. Results are expressed as ppm (mg/L) Cl-.
*Contains mercury. Dispose according to local, state or federal laws.
The Ferric Thiocyanate Method
Reference: APHA Standard Methods, 21st ed., 4500-Cl- E (2005). D. Zall, D. Fisher, M. Garner, "Photometric Determination of Chlorides in Water," Analytical Chemistry, Vol 28, No. 11, pp. 1665-1668, November 1956. J. O'Brien, "Automatic Analysis of Chlorides in Sewage," Wastes Engineering, pp. 670-672, December 1962.