The capacitors can be provided with internal fuses, where each capacitive element is provided with a fuse set in series with the
element; if the capacitive element breaks the fuse trips, disconnecting the broken element from the unit that is not involved in the short circuit, thereby making it possible for the capacitor to work. The fuse tripping then produces a reduction in capacitance; if a number of fuses trip, the variation must be such as to anyhow keep the resulting total capacitance within the limits of tolerance prescribed by the reference standards. This system offers the obvious advantage of being able to operate also with units in which there are broken elements (respecting the above criteria); however there are construction limits due to the need to have a fair number of capacitive elements connected in parallel for each series branch, so that disconnecting the broken element has no effect on the remaining elements in terms of overvoltage and overcurrent.
EXTERNAL FUSES
The medium voltage capacitors and banks can be provided with external fuses to protect against faults caused by short-circuiting. External fuses used by Enerlux Power Srl:
HRC FUSES
EXPULSION FUSES
HRC FUSES
H.R.C. fuses are normally used to protect small banks and/or three-phase capacitors, designed in accordance with DIN and IEC standards for protection against thermal and dynamic effects, caused by short circuit current exceeding the tolerated value in magnitude and duration.
The main characteristics of H.R.C. fuses are:
low minimum trip current;
low dissipated power;
low voltage of the electric arc;
high breaking capacity;
high current limiting;
easy maintenance;
small dimensions.