Oxygen (O2) is a colourless and odourless gas. It is vital for most life forms on earth. We absorb oxygen through the air we breathe. Medical oxygen is essential in hospital and clinical care for resuscitation and surgery and for various therapies. It is also mixed with nitrogen or helium to create underwater diving mixtures.
Oxygen is obtained on a commercial scale through the liquefaction and distillation of ambient air at air separation plants. A second purification process may be necessary if ultra-high purity levels are required. High-purity oxygen can also be produced through the electrolysis of water. Membrane techniques are suited to lower-purity requirements