Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a liquefied, colourless gas that can asphyxiate in high concentrations. There are many different sources of CO2. It can be obtained from natural CO2 springs, limestone kilns, fermentation processes and gas streams from chemical and petrochemical plants. It can also be captured from the gas streams emitted by power plants.
CO2 in the food industry
Carbon dioxide has many well-known applications in the food and beverages industry – from carbonating drinks and conserving wine to modifying atmospheres for packaged foods. Dry ice – or solid CO2 – is growing in popularity as a cryogenic refrigerant in mechanical refrigeration systems due to its environmental benefits. Dry ice is also an extremely effective and environmentally sound cleaning agent. On the agricultural front, CO2 can be used to enhance growth in greenhouses and as a feedstock for algae that produce bio-oil (green crude).